Sångernas bok kina

The airs move people and make them better. All poems are accompanied by a short preface (xiaoxu 小序), while the first poem or song is also introduced by a Long Preface (Daxu 大序), which can be seen as a theoretical introduction into the collection.

The oldest sources say that the court of the Zhou dynasty once ordered the collection of folk songs from among the empire, quite similar to what the Han dynasty 漢 (206 BCE-220 CE) did later with the establishment of the Music Bureau (yuefu 樂府).

This is how the Airs came into being. They are connected to the Duke of Shao. 83 CE), Jia Kui 賈逵 (30-101 CE), Ma Rong 馬融 (79-176) and Zheng Xuan 鄭玄 (127-200). Love comes up because of growing worthiness, not because of sensual pleasures. The motion is moved in the heart and takes shape in words; if words are not sufficent, sighing can be better; if sighing is not sufficient, songs can be better; if songs are still not sufficient, motions can be expressed with hands, by dancing, with feet, by springing.

Today the Mao version is the only surviving one. If the affairs of one state are bound to every single person, songs are called "airs", and if all affairs under heaven are built up the airs of all states, songs are called "odes".
"Ode" means, "to rectify". BCE).

Genres and Styles

Apart from the airs, odes, and hymns, there must have been other types of songs (altogher six, the liushi 六詩 "six types of songs" or liuyi 六義 "six meanings") of which no examples are preserved, namely the types of fu 賦 "straightforward" (which during the Han period reappears as the genre of prose rhapsody, which is a very descriptive and often didactic type of poem), bi 比 "simile, parable", and xing 興 "with an atmospherical introduction".

The tone disturbing the world, heates the anger, its rule is obstinate. 246/221 – 210 BCE) the Shijing survived virtually without damage, certainly because most of its songs were mainly passed on orally, which is easier for songs than for prose texts. BCE) and the early and middle phase of the Zhou period 周 (11th cent.-221 BCE), with a number of 305 poems.

Han menar att poesin i Kina lever och att alla internetsajter har uppgraderat intresset för poesi. The consort should be glad about a noble man's virtue; nothing between them shall not be in harmony, and they should not indulge in sensual pleasures. Shy is this noble lady; with great zither and little we hearten her.
In patches grows the water mallow; to left and right one must choose it.

During the Han period, when only the four designations of feng, daya, xiaoya and song were used, they were interpreted as the "four beginnings" (sishi 四始) describing the emergence, flourishing, revival, and decline of the royal house of Zhou.

A very good example for the xing type is the beginning of the air Guanju 關雎, where an image of nature is presented that has nothing to do with the main topic of the air, namely the search for an ideal spouse.

關關雎鳩，	Guan guan ju jiu,
在河之洲。	zai he zhi zhou.
窈窕淑女，	Yaotiao shu nü,
君子好逑。	junzi hao qiu.
"Kwan, kwan, go the ospreys,
On the islet in the river.
The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady:
For our prince a good mate she.
参差荇菜，	Cenci xingcai,
左右流之。	zuo you liu zhi.
窈窕淑女，	Yaotiao shu nü,
寤寐求之。	wumei qiu zhi.
Here long, there short, is the duckweed,
To the left, to the right, borne about by the current.
The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady:
Waking and sleeping, he sought her.
求之不得，	Qiu zhi bu de,
寤寐思服。	wumei si fu.
悠哉悠哉，	You zai you zai,
輾轉反側。	zhanzhuan fan ce.
He sought her and found her not,
And waking and sleeping he thought about her.
Long he thought; oh! This is why these songs are called "wind". Others focus on court life and dynasties, and nearly all the songs rhyme. During the Former Han Dynasty, there were still existant four versions of the collection: in the states of Lu 魯 (by Shen Gong 申公), Qi 齊 (by Hou Cang 后蒼 and Master Sun 孫氏) and Han 韓 (by Han Ying 韓嬰), and the private collection of Duke Mao 毛公. (Zheng Xuan's) jian commentary says: "'Cordial' means, that they are coming to each other, concretely spoken: although the feelings of male and female osprey are coming together, they follow a different way." Note: Mood-laden initiation (xing) is a metaphor with many different meanings. Lena Rydholm, professor i kinesiska, berättar om "Sångernas bok" - en samling dikter från första årtusendet före vår tideräkning som kan ses som ursprunget till den kinesiska poesin. Their love shall be cautious, steadfast, deep and not outgoing, just like the different ways of the (male and female) osprey in this air. Konst, filosofi och litteratur frodades och poesi användes av såväl kejsarens ämbetsmän som av historieberättare på gator och torg. With many examples from the Shijing he even instructed his disciples. During the so-called literary inquisition under the First Emperor of Qin 秦始皇 (r. Of six poems only the names are preserved (Nangai 南陔, Baihua 白華, Huashu 華黍, Yougeng 由庚, Chongqiu 崇丘, and Youyi 由儀), while the texts are lost. Origin of the Text The three types of songs are feng 風 "airs", ya 雅 "odes", and song 頌 "hymns".